I-spermine

I-spermine ne-polyamines

Ngakho-ke yini ama-polyamines? Futhi kungani zibaluleke kangaka endimeni yokuguga? Ama-polyamine akhona yonke indawo kumaseli aphilayo nezicubu. Aziwa njengama-amine e-biogenic ayinhlanganisela namaqembu angaphezu kwamabili amino. Ama-Polyamine avela ngokwemvelo emizimbeni yethu futhi ngeshwa, njengoba sikhula la mazinga ehla.

Ama-Polyamine adlala indima ku:

• Ukuhlukaniswa kwamaseli nokuhlukaniswa
• Ukwanda kwamaseli
• I-DNA kanye ne-protein synthesis
• I-Homeostasis (ikhono lomzimba lokulungisa nokugcina isimo esizinzile)
• Nenkulumo yofuzo (ikhodi yofuzo esetshenziselwa ukuqondisa ukwakheka kwamaprotheni)

Uma sibheka yonke imisebenzi ye-polyamines, singabona ukuthi kungani kufanele sikhathazeke uma ukuguga kubangela ukuthi amazinga ethu ehle. Lezi zinhlanganisela ezibalulekile zibonakala zibandakanyeka kakhulu ezinqubweni zokukhula kwamangqamuzana nokugcina ukuqina kwezakhi zofuzo. Ngakho-ke, zisiza ukubambezela inqubo yokukhula futhi zithuthukise isikhathi sethu sokuphila kanye nempilo yethu (izinga lempilo yethu). Ngakho-ke ukwehla kwamazinga ethu e-polyamines kusincisha izinzuzo ezicebile zokwelapha.

Ama-polyamine ayinhloko atholakala kumaseli ezincelisayo ngisho nasezitshalweni i-spermidine, i-spermine, ne-purescine. Abantu nezitshalo kunezinto eziningi ezifanayo, enye yalezo zinto ukuthi sobabili senza konke esingakwenza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi siphila isikhathi eside ngangokunokwenzeka. Enye yezindlela esingakwazi ukufeza lokho ngokuthatha ama-polyamines kanye ne-polyamine synthesis. Le nqubo ikhuthaza i-autophagy, okuyinqubo yomzimba wethu yokushintsha amangqamuzana awonakele ngamaseli amasha, avuselelwe. Njengoba ungacabanga, le nqubo ingasisiza ukuba siphile isikhathi eside, injabulo, impilo enempilo. I-Spermine iyisibonelo se-polyamine engasiza ekukhuthazeni i-autophagy.

Iyini i-Spermine?

I-Spermine iyi-polyamine eyenzeka ngokwemvelo eyenzeka kuwo wonke ama-eukaryote, kodwa ayivamile kuma-prokaryotes. Kubalulekile ekukhuleni kwamaseli kuzo zombili izicubu ezijwayelekile kanye ne-neoplastic. I-Spermine yakhiwa ngokungezwa kweqembu le-aminopropyl ku-spermidine nge-spermine synthase. I-Spermine iyisisekelo esiqinile kuhlamvu, futhi kusisombululo esinamanzi ku-pH ye-physiological, wonke amaqembu ayo ama-amino azotholakala njenge-polycation.

I-spermine ingasetshenziswa ezinhlobonhlobo zezicelo zebhayoloji njengesengezo noma i-ejenti yokulawula. Isetshenziswa njenge-co-matrix ne-DHB ye-MALDI-MS yama-glycans e-sialylated kumodi ye-ion eyinegethivu.

Iyini i-spermine tetrahydrochloride powder?

I-Spermine tetrahydrochloride iyi-polyamine ekhiqiza imiphumela ehlukahlukene yokuguquguquka esiteshini se-NMDA receptor, isebenza ngesayithi elithile ku-complex engabangela kokubili imiphumela ye-agonist kanye ne-antagonist. I-Spermine tetrahydrochloride powder yindlela ye-tetrahydrochloride ye-Spermine. I-Spermine tetrahydrochloride powder iyifomu lempushana emhlophe kuyilapho isisekelo samahhala seSpermine siwuketshezi. Izinzuzo ze-Spermine tetrahydrochloride powder ziyafana nezinzuzo ze-Spermine.

I-Spermine Mechanism of Action: Isebenza kanjani?

I-Spermine itholakala ku-spermidine nge-spermine synthase. I-Spermine iyi-polyamine, i-cations encane ephilayo edingekayo ngokuphelele ekukhuleni kwamaseli e-eukaryotic. I-spermine, ngokuvamile itholakala ekugxilweni kwe-millimolar ku-nucleus. I-Spermine isebenza ngokuqondile njenge-scavenger yamahhala, futhi yakha izinhlobonhlobo ze-adducts ezivimbela ukulimala kwe-oxidative ku-DNA. Ukulimala kwe-oxidative ku-DNA ngezinhlobo zomoya-mpilo osebenzayo kuyinkinga eqhubekayo amangqamuzana okufanele ayiqaphele ukuze aphile. Ngakho-ke, i-spermine iyinhlanganisela enkulu yemvelo ye-intracellular ekwazi ukuvikela i-DNA ekuhlaselweni kwama-radical mahhala. I-Spermine nayo iyathinteka ekulawuleni ukubonakaliswa kofuzo, ukuzinza kwe-chromatin, kanye nokuvimbela ukuhlukaniswa kwe-endonuclease-mediated DNA.

Izinzuzo zesidoda - Isetshenziselwa ini isidoda?

I-Spermine iyi-polyamine engapheli enamaqembu amaningi amino. Kutholakale ukuthi idlala indima ebalulekile kumetabolism yamaselula kuwo wonke amaseli e-eukaryotic. I-Spermine, i-polyamine eyenzeka ngokwemvelo, isanda kuvela njengebonisa izakhiwo zokulwa nokuguga. Izithako ze-Spermine ezenziwe i-Spermine tetrahydrochloride powder zandisa isikhathi sokuphila kanye nokumelana nokucindezeleka, futhi zehlisa ukuvela kwe-pathology ehlobene neminyaka kanye nokulahlekelwa ikhono le-locomotor.

I-Spermine ithuthukisa ukulahleka kokugcinwa kwenkumbulo.
Ngemuva kokwelashwa kweSpermine, ikhono lokugcina inkumbulo lathuthukiswa kakhulu kumagundane e-SAMP8. I-Spermine tetrahydrochloride powder yathuthukisa kakhulu isikhathi sokuhlola into yenoveli.

I-Spermine inciphisa ingcindezi ye-oxidative ebuchosheni bamagundane.
Sihlole umphumela we-polyamine ne-rapamycin ekucindezelekeni kwe-oxidative. I-Spermine yehle amazinga e-MDA ebuchosheni bamagundane e-SAMP8. Umsebenzi we-SOD wanda ikakhulukazi eqenjini le-spermine. Le miphumela ibonise ukuthi i-Spermine tetrahydrochloride powder inciphisa kakhulu ukucindezeleka kwe-oxidative ku-SAMP8.

I-Spermine yandisa i-synaptic plasticity kanye nezici ze-neurotrophic
Ukubonakaliswa kwezici ze-neurotrophic kanye namaprotheni e-synaptic atholwe eqenjini le-spermine. I-nerve growth factor (NGF), i-brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), ukuminyana kwe-postsynaptic kanye nokuminyana kwe-postsynaptic ngokusobala kuthuthukisiwe eqenjini lesidoda.

I-Spermine ilungisa ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-mitochondrial
Njengomphumela obonisiwe, ukubonakaliswa kwamaprotheni ahlobene ne-mitochondrion kwathuthukiswa kakhulu eqenjini lesidoda. I-Spermine ngokusobala ibangele i-phosphorylation ye-DRP 1. Ukuhlushwa kwe-ATP kwakuphansi eqenjini lamagundane le-SAMP8 kuneqembu le-spermine.

I-Spermine yenza i-autophagy
Ngemuva kokwelashwa kwe-Spermine tetrahydrochloride powder, izinga le-phosphorylation ye-AMPK liphakanyisiwe. Izinga lamaprotheni ahlobene ne-autophagy kufaka phakathi lakhuphuka kakhulu eqenjini le-spermine.

I-Spermine ithuthukisa i-apoptosis

I-spermine inciphisa ukuvuvukala
Njengomphumela obonisiwe, Ngemva kokwelashwa kwe-spermine, ukubonakaliswa kwamaprotheni okuvuvukala kwancipha kakhulu. Izithako ze-spermine ezenziwe yi-Spermine tetrahydrochloride powder zingacindezela ukuvuvukala ebuchosheni.

I-Spermine ne-Spermidine

Okuqukethwe kwe-spermidine kanye ne-spermine kumaseli ezilwane ezincelisayo kunezindima ezibalulekile kumaprotheni kanye ne-nucleic acid synthesis kanye nesakhiwo, ukuvikelwa emonakalweni we-oxidative, umsebenzi weziteshi ze-ion, ukwanda kwamaseli, ukuhlukanisa, kanye ne-apoptosis.

I-spermine ingenye uhlobo lwe-polyamine. Zombili lezi zinhlanganisela zihlobene nomunye nomunye. I-Spermine itholakala ku-Spermidine futhi ibalulekile kumaseli we-metabolism kubantu nasezitshalweni. Ukuthatha izithako ze-spermidine kuqinisekisa ukuthi uthola izinzuzo zesidoda futhi.

Isicelo se-Spermine tetrahydrochloride powder

I-Spermine tetrahydrochloride powder yayisetshenziselwa ukumisa i-DNA yokuhlaziywa kwe-cytometric kusuka kuzicubu zomdlavuza webele oqandisiwe, izicubu ezigciniwe ze-salivary gland, izicubu zezinso kanye ne-thyroid2 kanye namangqamuzana egazi abomvu enkukhu. Manje i-Spermine tetrahydrochloride powder isetshenziselwe izithasiselo zokulwa nokuguga. Thenga i-Spermine tetrahydrochloride powder ku-inthanethi.

Ungayithenga kuphi inqwaba ye-Spermine?

Emhlabeni wanamuhla, ungathenga izithako ze-Spermine ezenziwe nge-Spermine tetrahydrochloride powder endaweni yokunethezeka yekhaya lakho ku-inthanethi. Kodwa-ke, kuzodingeka uhlole kabanzi abahlinzeki be-Spermine tetrahydrochloride powder bekhwalithi ephezulu. Ukubuyekezwa kwekhasimende kuyindlela eyodwa yokuqinisekisa izinzuzo ze-Spermine tetrahydrochloride powder futhi futhi ziqoqe ulwazi mayelana nemiphumela emibi ye-spermine engenzeka.

Ziningi i-spermine tetrahydrochloride powder ezithengiswayo emakethe. I-Phcoker njengemboni yokukhiqiza inikeza inani elikhulu le-spermine tetrahydrochloride powder. I-spermine supplement powder engcono kakhulu inokuhlanzeka okuphezulu kanye ne-bioavailability. I-Spermine tetrahydrochloride powder wholesale buy izothola intengo enhle.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

Ingabe i-Spermine Anti Ukuguga?
Iphepha elanyatheliswa ngo-1992 labonisa ukuthi i-spermine ne-spermidine zivikela i-DNA emonakalweni we-free-radical oxidative. Amazinga ethu e-Spermine ayehla njengoba sikhula, okungezona izindaba ezinhle kithi njengoba singase silahlekelwe yilezo zinzuzo zokulwa nokuguga nempilo. Kokunye ukuhlola, amagundane ashintshashintshayo ayengakwazi ukukhiqiza isidoda ne-spermidine alahlekelwa izinwele, aba nesikhumba esishwabene, futhi afa esemancane kunamagundane avamile, kodwa akukho okwabonakala kungahambi kahle kunoma yiziphi izitho.

Ingabe i-spermine iyi-antioxidant?
Ngokocwaningo oluthile, ukuphathwa kwe-spermine kungakhuphula umthamo we-antioxidant esibindini nasebeni futhi kungathuthukisa isimo se-antioxidant ku-spleen nesibindi ngaphansi kwengcindezi ye-oxidative. I-Spermine ikhonjwe njenge-antioxidant enamandla kanye ne-ejenti elwa nokuvuvukala. I-compound ikhona kuzo zonke izinto eziphilayo nakuzo zonke izitho.

Yenzani isidoda esidodeni?
Njengoba isikhathi esinembayo se-capacitation kanye nokusabela kwe-acrosome kubalulekile ekuvundiseni ngempumelelo, kuphakanyiswa ukuthi indima ye-seminal spermine ukuvimbela amandla ngaphambi kwesikhathi kanye nokusabela kwe-acrosome.

Itholakala kuphi i-spermine?
I-Spermine iyi-polyamine, i-cations encane ephilayo edingekayo ngokuphelele ekukhuleni kwamaseli e-eukaryotic. I-spermine, ngokuvamile itholakala ekugxilweni kwe-millimolar ku-nucleus. I-Spermine isebenza ngokuqondile njenge-scavenger yamahhala, futhi yakha izinhlobonhlobo ze-adducts ezivimbela ukulimala kwe-oxidative ku-DNA.

Ingabe i-spermine iyiprotheni?
Nakuba i-spermidine inendima ebalulekile neyingqayizivele njengesandulela se-hypusine ukuguqulwa kwangemva kokuhumusha kwe-elongation factor eIF5A, okudingekayo ukuze le phrotheni isebenze ekuhlanganiseni kwamaprotheni, ayikho indima eyingqayizivele ye-spermine eye yabonakala ngokungananazi.

Ungasigcina kanjani isisombululo se-spermine?
Gcina ku-2-8 °C. Izixazululo zesisekelo samahhala se-spermine zikhishwa kalula nge-oxidized. Izixazululo zizinzile kakhulu uma zilungiselelwe emanzini akhishwe futhi zigcinwe kuma-aliquots afriziwe, ngaphansi kwe-argon noma igesi ye-nitrogen. I-spermine tetrahydrochloride powder iyindlela ezinzile yesisekelo samahhala se-spermine.

Sivelaphi isidoda?
I-Spermine ikhona ezintweni eziningi eziphilayo ezihlanganisa izilwane, izitshalo, ezinye isikhunta, ezinye ze-archaea, namanye amagciwane. Ihlanganiswa yi-spermine synthase, i-aminopropyltransferase ecacile kakhulu. I-Spermine itholakala ku-spermidine nge-spermine synthase.

Iyini i-pH yesidoda?
Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi isidoda besisebenza ngokwebhayoloji ku-pH 7.4 sihlole imiphumela yaso kuma-receptors e-glutamate evezwe nge-heterologously (GluR3)

Ingabe isidoda silungele isikhumba?
Eqinisweni, abukho ubufakazi besayensi bokusekela umbono wokufaka isidoda esikhumbeni sakho. Ngaphandle kokwenza okuncane ukusiza ibala lakho, kungase kubangele ukungezwani komzimba kanye nezifo ezithathelwana ngocansi (STIs).

1.Enye yezimangalo zezinzuzo zesidoda esikhumbeni sobuso ukwelapha izinduna. Izinzuzo zesidoda ngobuhle kukholakala ukuthi zivela ku-substance spermine. I-Spermine iphuma entweni ethi spermidine esidodeni sowesilisa, okukholakala ukuthi sisebenza njenge-antioxidant ne-anti-inflammatory agent. Ngaphezu kwesidoda sowesilisa, i-spermine ingatholakala kumaseli omzimba womuntu. I-Spermine kukholakala ukuthi yelapha izinduna futhi ilwe nezibazi ze-acne.

Ngeshwa, ayikho imiphumela yocwaningo lwesayensi engafakazela izinzuzo zesidoda esikhumbeni esine-acne.

2.Izimangalo Izinzuzo zesidoda ngobuhle ukuvimbela ukubonakala kwezimpawu zokuguga ngaphambi kwesikhathi, njengokushwabana noma imigqa emihle.Nalapha futhi, isimangalo sezinzuzo zesidoda ebusweni babesifazane kuphakama ngoba isidoda siqukethe isidoda. I-Spermine kukholakala ukuthi iyi-antioxidant ekwazi ukufihla izimpawu zokuguga, njengemibimbi nemigqa emihle, okwenza isikhumba sibukeke sisincane. Ucwaningo olushicilelwe ephephabhukwini iNature Cell Biology luthi isidoda siyakwazi ukwehlisa ukuguga uma sisetshenziswa ngokusijova ngqo emangqamuzaneni esikhumba somuntu.

Kodwa-ke, izinzuzo zesidoda sobuso, ezisetshenziswa ngokusisebenzisa ngqo ebusweni besikhumba, azikaqinisekiswa. Okungukuthi, izinzuzo zesidoda ebusweni besifazane ekuvimbeleni ukuguga ngaphambi kwesikhathi ziyinganekwane nje.

Izikhombo:

1. Ting-Ting Xu , Han Li, Zhao Dai, George K. Lau, Ben-Yue Li, Wen-Li Zhu, Xiao-Qi Liu, Hao-Fei Liu, Wei-Wu Cai, Shui-Qing Huang, Qi Wang, Shi -Jie Zhang. “I-Spermidine nesidoda kubambezela ukuguga kobuchopho ngokufaka i-autophagy kumagundane e-SAMP8” Kushicilelwe: Ephreli 8, 2020. https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.103035.
2. I-Galluzzi et al (2017) Ukuguqulwa kwe-Pharmacological of autophagy: amandla okwelapha kanye nezithiyo eziqhubekayo. Nat.Rev.Drug.Discov. PMID: 28529316.
3. Hasan MM, Skalicky M, Jahan MS, Hossain MN, Anwar Z, Nie ZF, Alabdallah NM, Brestic M, Hejnak V, Fang XW. "I-Spermine: Indima Yayo Evelayo Ekulawulweni Kwezimpendulo Zesomiso Ezitshalweni." Amaseli. 2021 Jan 28;10(2):261. doi: 10.3390/amaseli10020261. PMID: 33525668.
4. U-Grancara S, Martinis P, Manente S, García-Argáez AN, Tempera G, Bragadin M, Dalla Via L, Agostinelli E, Toninello A. “Ukuguquguquka okukabili kwesidoda kunqamula ulwelwesi lwe-mitochondrial.” Ama-Amino Acids. 2014 Mar;46(3):671-9. doi: 10.1007/s00726-013-1591-0. I-Epub 2013 Sep 17. PMID: 24043461.
5. Tse RT, Wong CY, Chiu PK, Ng CF. "Indima Engaba Khona Ye-Spermine kanye Nokukhishwa Kwayo Kwe-Acetylated Ezinyameni Zomuntu. I-J Mol Sci. 2022 Jan 23;23(3):1258. doi: 10.3390/ijms23031258. PMID: 35163181.
6. Sadeghi-Kaji S, Shareghi B, Saboury AA, Farhadian S. “Spermine as a porcine pancreatic elastase activator: spectroscopic and molecular simulation studies.” J Biomol Struct Dyn. 2020 Jan; 38(1):78-88. doi: 10.1080/07391102.2019.1568306. I-Epub 2019 Feb 27. PMID: 30810494