I-Spermidine powder
I-Phcoker inamandla okukhiqiza ngobuningi kanye nokunikezwa kwe-Spermidine powder ngaphansi kwesimo se-cGMP.
I-Spermidine iwumkhiqizo wemvelo, ohlukaniswa ngamakhemikhali njenge-polyamine. Amazinga e-spermidine emzimbeni wethu aqala ukwehla ngokukhula ngakho-ke kunconywa ukuba uwagcwalise nge-supplementation. Izithako ze-Spermidine zinamandla okumisa inqubo yemvelo yokuguga kwamangqamuzana nokulwa nezifo ezihambisana nokuguga.
I-Spermidine iyisithako esisanda kuqhathaniswa emakethe yokwengeza yokulwa nokuguga nokuphila isikhathi eside. I-powder yemvelo ye-spermidine ingatholakala ku-Wheat Germ, kodwa okuqukethwe kwe-spermidine kuyo kuphansi kakhulu, mhlawumbe kungaphansi kuka-0.1% ngobumsulwa.
I-Spermidine idalwe kusuka kumanduleli wayo, i-purescine ehlanganisiwe emzimbeni. I-Putrescine iyisandulela se-spermine, enye i-polyamine ebalulekile ekusebenzeni kwamaselula. I-Putrescine ne-spermidine zisiza ukuthuthukisa ukukhula nokusebenza kwezicubu ezinempilo. Kanjani? Ama-Polyamines angabopha kuma-molecule amaningi ahlukene, futhi lapho akhuthaza ukukhula kwamangqamuzana, ukuzinza kwe-DNA, ukwanda kwamaseli, kanye nezinqubo ze-apoptosis. Futhi kubonakala sengathi ama-polyamines asebenza ngokufanayo nezici zokukhula ngesikhathi sokuhlukaniswa kwamaseli.
Njengoba sazi ukuthi i-purescine ivumela ukwakhiwa kwe-spermidine njengengxenye yenqubo lapho i-purescine idiliza i-decarboxylated S-adenosylmethionine.
Idlala indima ebalulekile ekulawuleni izinqubo ezihlukahlukene zebhayoloji, okuhlanganisa namazinga e-pH engaphakathi kwamangqamuzana nokugcinwa kwamandla olwelwesi lwamaseli. I-Spermidine futhi idlala indima ebalulekile ezinqubweni eziningi ezibalulekile zebhayoloji, okuhlanganisa ama-aspartate receptors, i-cGMP/PKG indlela yokusebenza, i-nitric oxide synthase, nomsebenzi we-cerebral cortex synaptosome.
I-Spermidine inesithakazelo kososayensi esimweni sokuguga ngoba iyisinqumo esiyinhloko se-morphogenetic sesikhathi sokuphila samaseli nezicubu eziphilayo [3].
Ikhono le-spermidine lokubangela i-autophagy kucatshangwa ukuthi iyindlela eyinhloko ebonakala sengathi yehlisa ijubane ukuguga futhi isekela impilo ende [4].
Kuye kwaboniswa ukuthi kubangele i-autophagy kumaseli esibindi segundane, izibungu, imvubelo nezimpukane [5].
Indlela ye-autophagy enesici kanye nokuntuleka kwe-spermidine kuhlotshaniswa kakhulu nokuncipha kwesikhathi sokuphila, ukucindezeleka okungapheli, nokuvuvukala okukhulu.
Iyini i-Spermidine trihydrochloride powder?
I-Spermidine trihydrochloride powder, iyindlela ye-trihydrochloride ye-spermidine. Isisekelo se-Spermidine sisesimweni esiwuketshezi, kuyilapho i-Spermidine trihydrochloride ikwifomu yempushana. I-Spermidine trihydrochloride iyifomu elizinzile ngoba i-spermidine izwela kakhulu emoyeni. Izinzuzo ze-Spermidine trihydrochloride powder ziyafana nezinzuzo ze-Spermidine.
Iyini I-Wheat Germ Extract 1%?
Ukukhishwa kwegciwane likakolweni kuqukethe inani elikhulu le-Spermidine, liqukethe i-1% ye-spermidine. I-Spermidine egciwane likakolweni ilusizo ekwehliseni ukukhula komdlavuza futhi ithuthukisa impilo yenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi. Futhi iqukethe ama-antioxidants futhi ingathuthukisa ukungatheleleki kwakho konke.
I-Autophagy isebenza njengesevisi yokulahla udoti weselula. Lolu hlelo lokuzihlanza lusiza amangqamuzana ngokususa yonke into kumaprotheni awonakele noma angasoleki kahle aye kuma-organelles aphelele bese ewabuyisela kabusha. Lena indima ebalulekile ngoba izinto zamaselula ezilimele ziba nomthelela omubi empilweni yeseli futhi ezimeni ezimbi kakhulu zingadala umonakalo omkhulu.
Iphinde ivikele amaseli akho ezintweni eziyingozi njengama-radicals mahhala. I-Spermidine inezindawo zokulwa nokuguga ngoba ithuthukisa ukuqina kwamaseli kuwo wonke umzimba wakho. Isibonelo, kuthuthukisa impilo yamangqamuzana enhliziyo nobuchopho, okwehlisa ukuvela kwezifo ezihlobene nobudala. Ungakwazi ukwandisa izinga le-Spermidine olithatha nsuku zonke ngokuthatha futhi uthenge i-Spermidine supplement powder.
I-Spermidine iyancibilika emanzini, ukugeza emanzini kunciphisa kakhulu i-spermidine ekudleni.
Ngenjwayelo:
isithelo sine-spermidine encane,, ophumelele umango onenyama engu-3 mg/100g kanti inhlanzi ine-spermidine encane, owinile ugaywa inyama yenkomo eno-4mg/100g amantongomane kanye nezithelo ezomisiwe zine-spermidine: ophumelele ama-hazelnuts ano-2mg/100g imifino ine-spermidine encane, ophumelele ummbila one-3mg/100g
24.3 mg/100g Igciwane likakolweni
19 mg/100g cheddar ushizi
6 - 14 mg/100g uphizi
19 mg/100g ubhontshisi obomvu
2- 10 mg/100g i-broccoli ne-cauliflower
9 mg/100g Champignons de Paris amakhowe
3 mg/100g umango
3 mg/100g ama-chickpeas
3 mg/100g ummbila
2 mg/100g isilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi kanye nekhabe
2 mg/100g isinkwa se-wholegrain
Nakuba i-spermidine itholakala ekudleni okuphelele, ingabuye ithathwe njengefomu lokwengeza - indlela ephumelela kakhulu yokugcina amazinga akho e-spermidine. Kunezithako eziningi ze-spermidine ezithengiswa ku-inthanethi, ukuze uthole imiphumela engcono kakhulu, thenga umkhiqizo kumhlinzeki we-Spermidine oqeqeshiwe.
Izithako ze-Spermidine zinenzuzo yokuqukatha inani elilawulwayo lesithako esisebenzayo. Imithombo yemvelo, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ingaphansi kokuhlukahluka kwemvelo okukhulu. Ngakho-ke, i-spermidine trihydrochloride powder yekhwalithi ephezulu iyisinqumo sakho esingcono kakhulu uma ufisa ukukhokhela ngokunembile ukwehla kwe-spermidine okuhlobene neminyaka.
Ukuguga kwamaseli kwenzeka lapho inqubo yemvelo ye-autophagy, okuwukugaywa kabusha kwamaseli alimele, ingahambi kahle. I-Spermidine, njenge-modulator ye-autophagy, ingaba isikhali esiphumelelayo sokulwa nokuguga. Ukuhlushwa kwe-Spermidine kuncipha ngokuya ngeminyaka. Ukuthatha i-spermidine supplement powder kuhlotshaniswa nokuguga futhi kunciphisa inani lama-radicals mahhala.
I-Spermidine kanye nokukhula kwezinwele
Ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi ukusebenzisa izithasiselo ze-spermidine kungakhuthaza ukukhula kwezinwele. Isibonelo, ucwaningo lwabantu abangu-100 abanempilo lubonise ukuthi i-spermidine-based dietary supplement yandisa isigaba sokukhula kwezinwele ezisebenzayo, esibizwa ngokuthi isigaba se-anagen. Uma i-follicle yezinwele ihlala isikhathi eside esigabeni se-anagen, izinwele zizokhula isikhathi eside. Ucwaningo lwamashubhu okuhlola luye lwabonisa nokuthi i-spermidine ikhuthaza ukukhula kwezinwele zomuntu.
I-Spermidine ithuthukisa Impilo Yenhliziyo
I-Spermidine evela emithonjeni yokudla ikhonjiswe ukuthi iveza imiphumela ye-cardioprotective ngokusebenzisa i-autophagy, ngokusho kocwaningo lwamagundane, amagundane, nabantu ababonisa umfutho wegazi ophansi kanye nokuguga kwe-arterial. Ngokufanayo, ukwanda kwe-spermidine kuhlotshaniswa nokunciphisa umfutho wegazi kanye nengozi ephansi yesifo senhliziyo, okuholela ekufeni kwabantu okuphansi.
Izinzuzo ze-Spermidine zokuvimbela umdlavuza
Ngaphezu kokwandisa isikhathi sokuphila, kuze kufike ku-25%, ucwaningo olwenziwa kumagundane lubonise ukuthi i-spermidine supplementation inciphisa i-fibrosis yesibindi kanye nobungozi bomdlavuza, ngisho nasezifundweni ezivezwe kumakhemikhali enza i-fibrosis yesibindi. Ucwaningo lokuhlola abantu luphinde luhlobanise ukuthathwa kwe-spermidine yokudla nokuncipha kwengozi yomdlavuza wekoloni. Uma uthatha izithako ze-Spermidine ezenziwe nge-spermidine trihydrochloride powder, uzohamba ibanga elide ekuvikeleni umzimba wakho emdlavuza. Ungasebenzisa izithako ze-Spermidine ngesikhathi sokwelashwa komdlavuza.
I-Spermidine inganciphisa ukwehla kwengqondo
Ucwaningo olwanyatheliswa ngo-2021 kumagazini i-Cell Reports lunikeza i-akhawunti enemininingwane ye-spermidine yokudla ethuthukisa ukuqonda nokusebenza kwe-mitochondrial ezimpukaneni namagundane, ngedatha ethile yabantu engase ibe phezulu [13]. Nakuba lolu cwaningo lwaluthakazelisa, lwalunemikhawulo ethile, futhi idatha eyengeziwe yokuphendula umthamo iyadingeka ngaphambi kokuba kuthathwe isiphetho esiqinile mayelana nezinzuzo ekuqapheliseni komuntu. Ukuthatha i-spermidine supplement powder kungase kubuyisele emuva umonakalo we-neuron obangelwa ukuvuvukala, ukucindezeleka okwenziwe nge-oxidative, kanye ne-ischemia.
I-Spermidine kanye Nokunciphisa Isisindo
Nakuba i-spermidine ibonakala idlala indima ekubunjweni kwamangqamuzana amafutha, akukho ukudla okunobufakazi (noma izithako) eziqukethe le nto ikhuthaza ukulahlekelwa isisindo. Ngokufanayo, akekho ongasho ukuthi lezi zinto nazo zithuthukisa imetabolism. Ucwaningo lwabantu ngokuncipha kwesisindo kanye nezinga le-metabolic liyashoda.
Zombili ziyancibilika futhi zizinzile emanzini, zine-bioavailability ephezulu.
Okukhulu nakakhulu, ucwaningo lwamanje olwenziwa odokotela begciwane eBerliner Charité luhlola amandla e-spermidine mayelana nesihloko esikhokhiswa kakhulu se-COVID-19. Siyazi ocwaningweni lwangaphambilini ukuthi i-coronavirus ishintsha yonke i-cell metabolism, okuholela ekwehleni okukhulu kwamazinga e-spermidine, phakathi kweminye imiphumela. Lokhu kuvimbela inqubo yokulahlwa kukadoti weselula (i-autophagy). Ocwaningweni lwaseJalimane okukhulunywe ngalo ngenhla, amaseli angenwe yi-coronavirus alashwa nge-spermidine, okuholele ekutheni izinga lokuphindaphindeka kwegciwane lehle cishe ngama-85%. Ucwaningo lwangaphambili lukaSolwazi Simon wase-Oxford luphinde lwaveza ukuthi i-spermidine iqinisa amasosha omzimba amasosha omzimba. Ngakho-ke i-spermidine inama-ace amabili phezulu emkhonweni wayo uma kukhulunywa ngokulwa ne-coronavirus: (a) ukukhawulela ukusakazwa kwegciwane kanye (b) nokuqinisa ukuphendula kwamasosha omzimba. Kodwa kusafanele silinde futhi sibone - izifundo zomtholampilo ezinemininingwane zizodingeka ngaphambi kokuba sifinyelele iziphetho eziqondile.
Ikakhulukazi uzothola amaphilisi empuphu kakolweni akhipha amaphilisi empuphu ye-spermidine uma uzama ukusesha izithasiselo ze-spermidine -kodwa lezi ngokuvamile azithathwanga kahle. Iningi alisho nokuthi linama-spermidine angakanani. I-Phcoker inikeza ngobuningi be-spermidine trihydrochloride powder. I-spermidine supplement powder engcono kakhulu inokuhlanzeka okuphezulu kanye ne-bioavailability.
Inkampani yethu njengefekthri ekhiqizayo inikeza amanani entengo yesitoko esikhulu newholesale mayelana ne-spermidine trihydrochloride powder kanye ne-Spermidine.
I-Spermidine itholakala ekudleni okuningi esikudlayo. Futhi empeleni, i-Wheat Germ Extract Powder yethu (i-Spermidine) engu-1% ikhishwa embewini kakolweni. Nokho, ngokuvamile asikutholi esikudingayo ekudleni kuphela, ikakhulukazi njengoba sikhula futhi umzimba wethu udinga imisoco eyengeziwe. Yilapho izithasiselo zingangena khona ukusiza ukusekela umzimba onempilo.
Ingabe i-spermidine iphephile ukuthatha?
Yebo, kungumkhiqizo ovela ngokwemvelo emzimbeni kanye nengxenye yokudla kwethu kwemvelo. Idatha iphakamisa ukuthi ukwesekwa kwe-spermidine usebenzisa i-spermidine trihydrochloride powder kuphephile futhi kubekezelelwe kahle.
Ingabe ukupheka kubhubhisa i-spermidine?
Endabeni yamanye amasu okupheka abandakanya amazinga okushisa aphezulu (53) achaza ukuthi ukugazinga, ukosiwa, noma ukuthosa kukhiqiza ukulahlekelwa okufika ku-60% wesidoda nesidoda enyameni yenkukhu.
kufanele ngithathe nini izithako ze-spermidine?
Okunye ukuhlola kubonise ukuthi i-1.2 mg ye-spermidine ngosuku iphephe ngokuphelele. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi lokhu kwenziwa ekuseni, emini noma kusihlwa, kungaphansi kwezintandokazi zakho siqu, kodwa sincoma ukuthatha njalo ngesikhathi esifanayo sosuku.
Ingabe isidoda siyi-spermidine?
I-Spermidine yaqala ukutholwa kusampula yesidoda ngo-1687 yisazi esidumile sase-Dutch u-Anton Van Leeuwenhoek, yingakho igama. Kodwa-ke, itholakala kuwo wonke amaseli e-eukaryotic. I-Spermidine iqukethe okuphansi kwesidoda.
Ingabe kufanele ngithathe izithako ze-spermidine?
Ucwaningo lwangaphambili lubonisa ukuthi ukudla okune-spermidine kungase kube nomthelela ekuphileni okude. Ukuthatha izithasiselo ze-spermidine nsuku zonke njengoba ukhula kuyindlela ephephile yokuvikela ezifweni ezihlobene nobudala nokukhuthaza impilo ephelele.
Ingabe i-spermidine ingakubuyisela ukuguga?
Ukunikezwa kwangaphandle kwe-polyamine spermidine yemvelo kunganweba isikhathi sokuphila ezilwaneni eziyimodeli kuhlanganise imvubelo, i-nematodes, izimpukane namagundane. Ubufakazi bakamuva be-epidemiological buphakamisa ukuthi ukwanda kokuthathwa kwe-spermidine ngokudla nakho kunciphisa ukufa okuhlobene, nenhliziyo kanye nomdlavuza kubantu.
Ingakanani i-spermidine kushizi osemdala?
Lapho ushizi uvuthiwe, kulapho equkethe ama-polyamine amaningi.
I-Spermidine injalo nje. Ushizi ovuthiwe unesilinganiso esingu-10 mg we-spermidine nge-100 g yokudla, ngokusho kokuhlaziywa kuka-2011. Ngakho-ke ososayensi abavela eGraz bafakazela ukuthi ushizi ovuthiwe umphumela omuhle wenhliziyo, kodwa futhi ukhomba okuqukethwe okuphezulu kwamafutha.
Ngingakwazi ukuthatha i-spermidine esiswini esingenalutho?
Kunoma yikuphi, sincoma ukuthatha i-Spermidine ngesikhathi sokudla ukuze kwandiswe i-bioavailability.
Ngingakwazi ukuthatha i-spermidine ngenkathi ngizila ukudla?
Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi izithako ze-spermidine zandisa ngokuthembekile i-autophagy. I-Spermidine iyindlela enamandla yokulingisa ukuzila ukudla ngezinsuku lapho ufuna ukudla noma ukuthuthukisa ukudla kwakho okuphakathi ukuze uthole izinzuzo ezengeziwe (ngokwami, ngisebenzisa kokubili izithasiselo zokuzila ukudla kanye ne-spermidine ezenziwe nge-spermidine trihydrochloride powder ukuze ngigcine i-autophagy).
Iyini i-Spermidine 3HCL?
I-Spermidine iyi-aliphatic polyamine eyenzeka ngokwemvelo ekhiqizwa emzimbeni womuntu, kanye nokunye ukudla. Ekuqaleni izithako ze-Spermidine zaqala ukuhlukaniswa nesidoda, yingakho igama, nokho manje selikhiqizwa ngokwenziwa futhi likhishwe ekudleni. I-Phcoker inikela ngenqwaba ye-spermidine trihydrochloride powder ngentengo yesamba. Sinezinga eliphezulu le-spermidine trihydrochloride powder elithengiswayo.
Iyini i-Autophagy?
I-Autophagy isebenza njengohlelo lokugaywa kabusha kwemfucuza yamaselula. Isiza amangqamuzana akho ukuthi ahlanze amaprotheni awonakele noma angasoleki kahle kanye nama-organelles amakhulu angaholela ekuguleni okuhlobene nobudala, futhi awaguqule abuyele ezingxenyeni zamaselula ezisebenzayo, okuholela ekuvuseleleni amaselula. Ngezindlela eziningi i-autophagy yenza isisekelo sempilo ende nenempilo yamaselula. Njengoba sikhula, i-autophagy iqala ukuhamba kancane futhi igcine imile, okusenza singenwe kalula yizifo. Kodwa-ke, singathuthukisa i-autophagy ngokuzila ukudla noma izithasiselo ze-Spermidine.
Ungawandisa kanjani amazinga e-spermidine emzimbeni wakho?
Ngeshwa, umzimba wethu uqongelela umonakalo njengoba sikhula, okwandisa ukuthambekela kwethu kwezifo. Ngokufanayo, amazinga ethu emvelo e-spermidine ehla kancane kancane ngokuya ngeminyaka. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kungalungiswa ngokudla ukudla okuphezulu ku-spermidine nokuthatha izithako ze-Spermidine, ngaleyo ndlela kunciphise umthelela wokuguga ekuphileni isikhathi eside. Nakuba ngokuvamile kunenzuzo ukujabulela ukudla okuhlukahlukene okunothe ngokudla okuphelele, indlela ephumelela kakhulu yokunciphisa amazinga e-spermidine ehla ngokuthatha i-spermidine trihydrochloride powder. Nakuba zingagadiwe i-FDA ngendlela evamile njengemithi yemithi, izithasiselo zokuphila isikhathi eside zivame ukuqukatha izithako ezitholakala ngokwemvelo emzimbeni nasekudleni, ngakho-ke bhanqa ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu nobuthi obuphansi. Izithako ze-Spermidine zitholakala nge-powder noma ifomu lethebhulethi futhi uma zithathwa njalo zingabambezela iminyaka yobudala. Isihloko esishisayo esigcawini sesengezo sokuphila isikhathi eside, kunezinhlobo ezimbalwa ezincintisanayo zezithako ze-spermidine zonke ezimakethwa njengezinezinzuzo zokulwa nokuguga. Idizayinelwe ukuthathwa nsuku zonke ukusekela indlela yokuphila enempilo, izithasiselo zingabuye zihlanganiswe nezinye izithako zokuphila isikhathi eside njenge-Resveratrol. Izithako ezingcono kakhulu ze-Spermidine yilezo ezenziwe nge-spermidine trihydrochloride powder. I-Spermidine trihydrochloride powder iyifomu elizinzile, njalo uthenge i-spermidine trihydrochloride powder kubahlinzeki bangempela.
I-Spermidine iyisithako esisanda kuqhathaniswa emakethe yokwengeza yokulwa nokuguga nokuphila isikhathi eside. I-powder yemvelo ye-spermidine ingatholakala ku-Wheat Germ, kodwa okuqukethwe kwe-spermidine kuyo kuphansi kakhulu, mhlawumbe kungaphansi kuka-0.1% ngobumsulwa.
Iyini i-Spermidine?
I-Spermidine iyinhlanganisela ye-polyamine evame ukutholakala kuma-ribosomes nezicubu eziphilayo ezinemisebenzi ehlukahlukene ye-metabolic ngaphakathi kwezinto eziphilayo futhi idlala indima ebalulekile ekusebenzeni kweseli nasekuphileni. Cishe uyazibuza ukuthi kungani kubizwa kanjalo; kuhle, lokho kungenxa yokuthi inhlanganisela yaqala ukutholwa kusampula yesidoda ngo-1687 yisazi esidumile se-Dutch microscopist u-Anton Van Leeuwenhoek, yingakho igama. Kodwa-ke, itholakala kuwo wonke amaseli e-eukaryotic.I-Spermidine idalwe kusuka kumanduleli wayo, i-purescine ehlanganisiwe emzimbeni. I-Putrescine iyisandulela se-spermine, enye i-polyamine ebalulekile ekusebenzeni kwamaselula. I-Putrescine ne-spermidine zisiza ukuthuthukisa ukukhula nokusebenza kwezicubu ezinempilo. Kanjani? Ama-Polyamines angabopha kuma-molecule amaningi ahlukene, futhi lapho akhuthaza ukukhula kwamangqamuzana, ukuzinza kwe-DNA, ukwanda kwamaseli, kanye nezinqubo ze-apoptosis. Futhi kubonakala sengathi ama-polyamines asebenza ngokufanayo nezici zokukhula ngesikhathi sokuhlukaniswa kwamaseli.
I-Spermidine kanye ne-autophagy
Ngaphambi kokuthi singene ocwaningweni oluthakazelisayo olusemuva kwe-spermidine nokuthi kungani abanye abacwaningi becabanga ukuthi kungase kube usizo ekwehliseni ijubane ukuguga, kufanele siqale sibheke ukuthi idalwe kanjani.Njengoba sazi ukuthi i-purescine ivumela ukwakhiwa kwe-spermidine njengengxenye yenqubo lapho i-purescine idiliza i-decarboxylated S-adenosylmethionine.
Idlala indima ebalulekile ekulawuleni izinqubo ezihlukahlukene zebhayoloji, okuhlanganisa namazinga e-pH engaphakathi kwamangqamuzana nokugcinwa kwamandla olwelwesi lwamaseli. I-Spermidine futhi idlala indima ebalulekile ezinqubweni eziningi ezibalulekile zebhayoloji, okuhlanganisa ama-aspartate receptors, i-cGMP/PKG indlela yokusebenza, i-nitric oxide synthase, nomsebenzi we-cerebral cortex synaptosome.
I-Spermidine inesithakazelo kososayensi esimweni sokuguga ngoba iyisinqumo esiyinhloko se-morphogenetic sesikhathi sokuphila samaseli nezicubu eziphilayo [3].
Ikhono le-spermidine lokubangela i-autophagy kucatshangwa ukuthi iyindlela eyinhloko ebonakala sengathi yehlisa ijubane ukuguga futhi isekela impilo ende [4].
Kuye kwaboniswa ukuthi kubangele i-autophagy kumaseli esibindi segundane, izibungu, imvubelo nezimpukane [5].
Indlela ye-autophagy enesici kanye nokuntuleka kwe-spermidine kuhlotshaniswa kakhulu nokuncipha kwesikhathi sokuphila, ukucindezeleka okungapheli, nokuvuvukala okukhulu.
Amafomu we-Spermidine kanye nokucaciswa
Amanye amagama abhekisela ku-spermidine yi-spermidine trihydrochloride powder, I-Wheat Germ Extract Powder (Spermidine) 1%.Iyini i-Spermidine trihydrochloride powder?
I-Spermidine trihydrochloride powder, iyindlela ye-trihydrochloride ye-spermidine. Isisekelo se-Spermidine sisesimweni esiwuketshezi, kuyilapho i-Spermidine trihydrochloride ikwifomu yempushana. I-Spermidine trihydrochloride iyifomu elizinzile ngoba i-spermidine izwela kakhulu emoyeni. Izinzuzo ze-Spermidine trihydrochloride powder ziyafana nezinzuzo ze-Spermidine.
Iyini I-Wheat Germ Extract 1%?
Ukukhishwa kwegciwane likakolweni kuqukethe inani elikhulu le-Spermidine, liqukethe i-1% ye-spermidine. I-Spermidine egciwane likakolweni ilusizo ekwehliseni ukukhula komdlavuza futhi ithuthukisa impilo yenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi. Futhi iqukethe ama-antioxidants futhi ingathuthukisa ukungatheleleki kwakho konke.
Isebenza kanjani i-spermidine
I-Spermidine iyinhlanganisela engeyona enobuthi. I-Spermidine iyi-polyamine eyenzeka ngokwemvelo evuselela i-cytoprotective autophagy. Okwenza izithako ze-spermidine zikhetheke kakhulu umphumela wazo wokukhuthaza inqubo yemvelo ye-autophagy emzimbeni, egcina amaseli ehlanzekile futhi enempilo.I-Autophagy isebenza njengesevisi yokulahla udoti weselula. Lolu hlelo lokuzihlanza lusiza amangqamuzana ngokususa yonke into kumaprotheni awonakele noma angasoleki kahle aye kuma-organelles aphelele bese ewabuyisela kabusha. Lena indima ebalulekile ngoba izinto zamaselula ezilimele ziba nomthelela omubi empilweni yeseli futhi ezimeni ezimbi kakhulu zingadala umonakalo omkhulu.
Iphinde ivikele amaseli akho ezintweni eziyingozi njengama-radicals mahhala. I-Spermidine inezindawo zokulwa nokuguga ngoba ithuthukisa ukuqina kwamaseli kuwo wonke umzimba wakho. Isibonelo, kuthuthukisa impilo yamangqamuzana enhliziyo nobuchopho, okwehlisa ukuvela kwezifo ezihlobene nobudala. Ungakwazi ukwandisa izinga le-Spermidine olithatha nsuku zonke ngokuthatha futhi uthenge i-Spermidine supplement powder.
Imithombo ye-Spermidine(Yikuphi ukudla okune-spermidine ephezulu)
I-Spermidine itholakala kuwo wonke amangqamuzana omzimba. Umkhiqizo wemvelo empeleni awukhiqizwa amaseli ngokwawo, kodwa ngama-enterobacteria athile. Cishe ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu ye-spermidine ikhiqizwa emzimbeni kuyilapho izingxenye ezimbili kwezintathu ezisele, iningi elibalulekile, limuncwa ekudleni kwethu.I-Spermidine iyancibilika emanzini, ukugeza emanzini kunciphisa kakhulu i-spermidine ekudleni.
Ngenjwayelo:
isithelo sine-spermidine encane,, ophumelele umango onenyama engu-3 mg/100g kanti inhlanzi ine-spermidine encane, owinile ugaywa inyama yenkomo eno-4mg/100g amantongomane kanye nezithelo ezomisiwe zine-spermidine: ophumelele ama-hazelnuts ano-2mg/100g imifino ine-spermidine encane, ophumelele ummbila one-3mg/100g
24.3 mg/100g Igciwane likakolweni
19 mg/100g cheddar ushizi
6 - 14 mg/100g uphizi
19 mg/100g ubhontshisi obomvu
2- 10 mg/100g i-broccoli ne-cauliflower
9 mg/100g Champignons de Paris amakhowe
3 mg/100g umango
3 mg/100g ama-chickpeas
3 mg/100g ummbila
2 mg/100g isilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi kanye nekhabe
2 mg/100g isinkwa se-wholegrain
Nakuba i-spermidine itholakala ekudleni okuphelele, ingabuye ithathwe njengefomu lokwengeza - indlela ephumelela kakhulu yokugcina amazinga akho e-spermidine. Kunezithako eziningi ze-spermidine ezithengiswa ku-inthanethi, ukuze uthole imiphumela engcono kakhulu, thenga umkhiqizo kumhlinzeki we-Spermidine oqeqeshiwe.
Izithako ze-Spermidine zinenzuzo yokuqukatha inani elilawulwayo lesithako esisebenzayo. Imithombo yemvelo, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ingaphansi kokuhlukahluka kwemvelo okukhulu. Ngakho-ke, i-spermidine trihydrochloride powder yekhwalithi ephezulu iyisinqumo sakho esingcono kakhulu uma ufisa ukukhokhela ngokunembile ukwehla kwe-spermidine okuhlobene neminyaka.
Izinzuzo ze-Spermidine
I-Spermidine anti-ukugugaUkuguga kwamaseli kwenzeka lapho inqubo yemvelo ye-autophagy, okuwukugaywa kabusha kwamaseli alimele, ingahambi kahle. I-Spermidine, njenge-modulator ye-autophagy, ingaba isikhali esiphumelelayo sokulwa nokuguga. Ukuhlushwa kwe-Spermidine kuncipha ngokuya ngeminyaka. Ukuthatha i-spermidine supplement powder kuhlotshaniswa nokuguga futhi kunciphisa inani lama-radicals mahhala.
I-Spermidine kanye nokukhula kwezinwele
Ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi ukusebenzisa izithasiselo ze-spermidine kungakhuthaza ukukhula kwezinwele. Isibonelo, ucwaningo lwabantu abangu-100 abanempilo lubonise ukuthi i-spermidine-based dietary supplement yandisa isigaba sokukhula kwezinwele ezisebenzayo, esibizwa ngokuthi isigaba se-anagen. Uma i-follicle yezinwele ihlala isikhathi eside esigabeni se-anagen, izinwele zizokhula isikhathi eside. Ucwaningo lwamashubhu okuhlola luye lwabonisa nokuthi i-spermidine ikhuthaza ukukhula kwezinwele zomuntu.
I-Spermidine ithuthukisa Impilo Yenhliziyo
I-Spermidine evela emithonjeni yokudla ikhonjiswe ukuthi iveza imiphumela ye-cardioprotective ngokusebenzisa i-autophagy, ngokusho kocwaningo lwamagundane, amagundane, nabantu ababonisa umfutho wegazi ophansi kanye nokuguga kwe-arterial. Ngokufanayo, ukwanda kwe-spermidine kuhlotshaniswa nokunciphisa umfutho wegazi kanye nengozi ephansi yesifo senhliziyo, okuholela ekufeni kwabantu okuphansi.
Izinzuzo ze-Spermidine zokuvimbela umdlavuza
Ngaphezu kokwandisa isikhathi sokuphila, kuze kufike ku-25%, ucwaningo olwenziwa kumagundane lubonise ukuthi i-spermidine supplementation inciphisa i-fibrosis yesibindi kanye nobungozi bomdlavuza, ngisho nasezifundweni ezivezwe kumakhemikhali enza i-fibrosis yesibindi. Ucwaningo lokuhlola abantu luphinde luhlobanise ukuthathwa kwe-spermidine yokudla nokuncipha kwengozi yomdlavuza wekoloni. Uma uthatha izithako ze-Spermidine ezenziwe nge-spermidine trihydrochloride powder, uzohamba ibanga elide ekuvikeleni umzimba wakho emdlavuza. Ungasebenzisa izithako ze-Spermidine ngesikhathi sokwelashwa komdlavuza.
I-Spermidine inganciphisa ukwehla kwengqondo
Ucwaningo olwanyatheliswa ngo-2021 kumagazini i-Cell Reports lunikeza i-akhawunti enemininingwane ye-spermidine yokudla ethuthukisa ukuqonda nokusebenza kwe-mitochondrial ezimpukaneni namagundane, ngedatha ethile yabantu engase ibe phezulu [13]. Nakuba lolu cwaningo lwaluthakazelisa, lwalunemikhawulo ethile, futhi idatha eyengeziwe yokuphendula umthamo iyadingeka ngaphambi kokuba kuthathwe isiphetho esiqinile mayelana nezinzuzo ekuqapheliseni komuntu. Ukuthatha i-spermidine supplement powder kungase kubuyisele emuva umonakalo we-neuron obangelwa ukuvuvukala, ukucindezeleka okwenziwe nge-oxidative, kanye ne-ischemia.
I-Spermidine kanye Nokunciphisa Isisindo
Nakuba i-spermidine ibonakala idlala indima ekubunjweni kwamangqamuzana amafutha, akukho ukudla okunobufakazi (noma izithako) eziqukethe le nto ikhuthaza ukulahlekelwa isisindo. Ngokufanayo, akekho ongasho ukuthi lezi zinto nazo zithuthukisa imetabolism. Ucwaningo lwabantu ngokuncipha kwesisindo kanye nezinga le-metabolic liyashoda.
I-Spermidine vs NMN
Zombili ziyizithako ezishisayo zokulwa nokuguga nokuphila isikhathi eside, kodwa indlela yokwenza ihlukile. izithako ze-spermidine zisiza ekulweni nokuguga ngokusebenzisa i-autophagy, kuyilapho i-NMN powder ingaba nemiphumela enenzuzo ekulweni nokuguga ngokukhuphula amazinga e-NAD+ emzimbeni wethu. Ukwengezwa kwe-Spermidine kuyindlela engcono yokufeza imigomo yakho ngoba i-autophagy iyinqubo yemvelo eqala ukudiliza futhi ivuselele amaseli awonakele.Zombili ziyancibilika futhi zizinzile emanzini, zine-bioavailability ephezulu.
I-Spermidine vs Spermine
I-spermine ingenye uhlobo lwe-polyamine. Zombili izinhlanganisela zihlobene. I-Spermine itholakala ku-Spermidine futhi ibalulekile kumaseli we-metabolism kubantu nasezitshalweni. Ukuthatha izithako ze-spermidine ezenziwe nge-spermidine trihydrochloride powder kuqinisekisa ukuthi uthola izinzuzo zesidoda futhi.I-Spermidine kanye ne-Mitochondria
I-mitochondria evame ukubizwa ngokuthi i-powerhouse yeseli iyindawo ethandwa kakhulu yocwaningo lokulwa nokuguga. Amaphutha ku-mitochondria kucatshangwa ukuthi anomthelela ekugugeni. I-Spermidine kucatshangwa ukuthi ikhuthaza ukwakheka kwe-mitochondria kumaseli. Kodwa futhi, idatha yempendulo yomthamo iyadingeka ngaphambi kokuthi kwenziwe isiphetho esiqinile mayelana nezinzuzo zokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwe-mitochondria.Imiphumela emibi ye-Spermidine
Ayikho imiphumela emibi ebonwa ngenkathi uthatha i-spermidine supplement powder, uma uhlangabezana nemiphumela emibi ye-Spermidine, yeka ukuyithatha ngokushesha bese uthintana nodokotela wakho. Ukuthenga i-spermidine engcono kakhulu kuzosiza ukugwema imiphumela emibiUmthamo we-Spermidine
Umthamo ophelele we-spermidine awukasungulwa, nakuba ezinye izivivinyo kubantu abadala asebekhulile zibonisa ukuthi i-1.2 mg ye-spermidine ngosuku iphephe ngokuphelele.I-Spermidine ne-COVID-19
Okuhamba phambili ezindabeni zezokwelapha kule minyaka embalwa edlule kube ubhubhane oluqhubekayo lwe-COVID-19, olube nomthelela omkhulu ekuphileni isikhathi eside, ezempilo kanye nokuphila kahle emhlabeni jikelele. Ukusebenzisa izithasiselo zokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwamasosha omzimba nokunciphisa ukuvuvukala kwaduma ngesikhathi sodlame njengoba abantu bethatha ukuzimela phezu kwempilo yabo. Izithasiselo zingasiza ekuvimbeleni nasekunciphiseni izimpawu zezifo zokuphefumula njengomkhuhlane nomkhuhlane. Ithemba bekuwukuthi lokhu kungadluliselwa ekuthelelekeni kwe-COVID-19. Uma kucatshangelwa ukuthi indlela enkulu ethintekayo yi-spermidine i-autophagy, eyingxenye yesimiso sokuzivikela komzimba esisusa amagciwane futhi silawula ukuvuvukala, le mbono ayitholakali kangako.Okukhulu nakakhulu, ucwaningo lwamanje olwenziwa odokotela begciwane eBerliner Charité luhlola amandla e-spermidine mayelana nesihloko esikhokhiswa kakhulu se-COVID-19. Siyazi ocwaningweni lwangaphambilini ukuthi i-coronavirus ishintsha yonke i-cell metabolism, okuholela ekwehleni okukhulu kwamazinga e-spermidine, phakathi kweminye imiphumela. Lokhu kuvimbela inqubo yokulahlwa kukadoti weselula (i-autophagy). Ocwaningweni lwaseJalimane okukhulunywe ngalo ngenhla, amaseli angenwe yi-coronavirus alashwa nge-spermidine, okuholele ekutheni izinga lokuphindaphindeka kwegciwane lehle cishe ngama-85%. Ucwaningo lwangaphambili lukaSolwazi Simon wase-Oxford luphinde lwaveza ukuthi i-spermidine iqinisa amasosha omzimba amasosha omzimba. Ngakho-ke i-spermidine inama-ace amabili phezulu emkhonweni wayo uma kukhulunywa ngokulwa ne-coronavirus: (a) ukukhawulela ukusakazwa kwegciwane kanye (b) nokuqinisa ukuphendula kwamasosha omzimba. Kodwa kusafanele silinde futhi sibone - izifundo zomtholampilo ezinemininingwane zizodingeka ngaphambi kokuba sifinyelele iziphetho eziqondile.
Ungayithenga kuphi i-spermidine eningi?
Uma uzama ukuthola okwanele ekudleni kwakho ungakuthola futhi njengezithako ze-spermidine. I-spermidine yokwenziwa esetshenziswa ezithasiselweni iyafana ne-molecule eyenzeka ngokwemvelo.Ikakhulukazi uzothola amaphilisi empuphu kakolweni akhipha amaphilisi empuphu ye-spermidine uma uzama ukusesha izithasiselo ze-spermidine -kodwa lezi ngokuvamile azithathwanga kahle. Iningi alisho nokuthi linama-spermidine angakanani. I-Phcoker inikeza ngobuningi be-spermidine trihydrochloride powder. I-spermidine supplement powder engcono kakhulu inokuhlanzeka okuphezulu kanye ne-bioavailability.
Inkampani yethu njengefekthri ekhiqizayo inikeza amanani entengo yesitoko esikhulu newholesale mayelana ne-spermidine trihydrochloride powder kanye ne-Spermidine.
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa
Ingabe i-spermidine iyafana negciwane likakolweni?I-Spermidine itholakala ekudleni okuningi esikudlayo. Futhi empeleni, i-Wheat Germ Extract Powder yethu (i-Spermidine) engu-1% ikhishwa embewini kakolweni. Nokho, ngokuvamile asikutholi esikudingayo ekudleni kuphela, ikakhulukazi njengoba sikhula futhi umzimba wethu udinga imisoco eyengeziwe. Yilapho izithasiselo zingangena khona ukusiza ukusekela umzimba onempilo.
Ingabe i-spermidine iphephile ukuthatha?
Yebo, kungumkhiqizo ovela ngokwemvelo emzimbeni kanye nengxenye yokudla kwethu kwemvelo. Idatha iphakamisa ukuthi ukwesekwa kwe-spermidine usebenzisa i-spermidine trihydrochloride powder kuphephile futhi kubekezelelwe kahle.
Ingabe ukupheka kubhubhisa i-spermidine?
Endabeni yamanye amasu okupheka abandakanya amazinga okushisa aphezulu (53) achaza ukuthi ukugazinga, ukosiwa, noma ukuthosa kukhiqiza ukulahlekelwa okufika ku-60% wesidoda nesidoda enyameni yenkukhu.
kufanele ngithathe nini izithako ze-spermidine?
Okunye ukuhlola kubonise ukuthi i-1.2 mg ye-spermidine ngosuku iphephe ngokuphelele. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi lokhu kwenziwa ekuseni, emini noma kusihlwa, kungaphansi kwezintandokazi zakho siqu, kodwa sincoma ukuthatha njalo ngesikhathi esifanayo sosuku.
Ingabe isidoda siyi-spermidine?
I-Spermidine yaqala ukutholwa kusampula yesidoda ngo-1687 yisazi esidumile sase-Dutch u-Anton Van Leeuwenhoek, yingakho igama. Kodwa-ke, itholakala kuwo wonke amaseli e-eukaryotic. I-Spermidine iqukethe okuphansi kwesidoda.
Ingabe kufanele ngithathe izithako ze-spermidine?
Ucwaningo lwangaphambili lubonisa ukuthi ukudla okune-spermidine kungase kube nomthelela ekuphileni okude. Ukuthatha izithasiselo ze-spermidine nsuku zonke njengoba ukhula kuyindlela ephephile yokuvikela ezifweni ezihlobene nobudala nokukhuthaza impilo ephelele.
Ingabe i-spermidine ingakubuyisela ukuguga?
Ukunikezwa kwangaphandle kwe-polyamine spermidine yemvelo kunganweba isikhathi sokuphila ezilwaneni eziyimodeli kuhlanganise imvubelo, i-nematodes, izimpukane namagundane. Ubufakazi bakamuva be-epidemiological buphakamisa ukuthi ukwanda kokuthathwa kwe-spermidine ngokudla nakho kunciphisa ukufa okuhlobene, nenhliziyo kanye nomdlavuza kubantu.
Ingakanani i-spermidine kushizi osemdala?
Lapho ushizi uvuthiwe, kulapho equkethe ama-polyamine amaningi.
I-Spermidine injalo nje. Ushizi ovuthiwe unesilinganiso esingu-10 mg we-spermidine nge-100 g yokudla, ngokusho kokuhlaziywa kuka-2011. Ngakho-ke ososayensi abavela eGraz bafakazela ukuthi ushizi ovuthiwe umphumela omuhle wenhliziyo, kodwa futhi ukhomba okuqukethwe okuphezulu kwamafutha.
Ngingakwazi ukuthatha i-spermidine esiswini esingenalutho?
Kunoma yikuphi, sincoma ukuthatha i-Spermidine ngesikhathi sokudla ukuze kwandiswe i-bioavailability.
Ngingakwazi ukuthatha i-spermidine ngenkathi ngizila ukudla?
Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi izithako ze-spermidine zandisa ngokuthembekile i-autophagy. I-Spermidine iyindlela enamandla yokulingisa ukuzila ukudla ngezinsuku lapho ufuna ukudla noma ukuthuthukisa ukudla kwakho okuphakathi ukuze uthole izinzuzo ezengeziwe (ngokwami, ngisebenzisa kokubili izithasiselo zokuzila ukudla kanye ne-spermidine ezenziwe nge-spermidine trihydrochloride powder ukuze ngigcine i-autophagy).
Iyini i-Spermidine 3HCL?
I-Spermidine iyi-aliphatic polyamine eyenzeka ngokwemvelo ekhiqizwa emzimbeni womuntu, kanye nokunye ukudla. Ekuqaleni izithako ze-Spermidine zaqala ukuhlukaniswa nesidoda, yingakho igama, nokho manje selikhiqizwa ngokwenziwa futhi likhishwe ekudleni. I-Phcoker inikela ngenqwaba ye-spermidine trihydrochloride powder ngentengo yesamba. Sinezinga eliphezulu le-spermidine trihydrochloride powder elithengiswayo.
Iyini i-Autophagy?
I-Autophagy isebenza njengohlelo lokugaywa kabusha kwemfucuza yamaselula. Isiza amangqamuzana akho ukuthi ahlanze amaprotheni awonakele noma angasoleki kahle kanye nama-organelles amakhulu angaholela ekuguleni okuhlobene nobudala, futhi awaguqule abuyele ezingxenyeni zamaselula ezisebenzayo, okuholela ekuvuseleleni amaselula. Ngezindlela eziningi i-autophagy yenza isisekelo sempilo ende nenempilo yamaselula. Njengoba sikhula, i-autophagy iqala ukuhamba kancane futhi igcine imile, okusenza singenwe kalula yizifo. Kodwa-ke, singathuthukisa i-autophagy ngokuzila ukudla noma izithasiselo ze-Spermidine.
Ungawandisa kanjani amazinga e-spermidine emzimbeni wakho?
Ngeshwa, umzimba wethu uqongelela umonakalo njengoba sikhula, okwandisa ukuthambekela kwethu kwezifo. Ngokufanayo, amazinga ethu emvelo e-spermidine ehla kancane kancane ngokuya ngeminyaka. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kungalungiswa ngokudla ukudla okuphezulu ku-spermidine nokuthatha izithako ze-Spermidine, ngaleyo ndlela kunciphise umthelela wokuguga ekuphileni isikhathi eside. Nakuba ngokuvamile kunenzuzo ukujabulela ukudla okuhlukahlukene okunothe ngokudla okuphelele, indlela ephumelela kakhulu yokunciphisa amazinga e-spermidine ehla ngokuthatha i-spermidine trihydrochloride powder. Nakuba zingagadiwe i-FDA ngendlela evamile njengemithi yemithi, izithasiselo zokuphila isikhathi eside zivame ukuqukatha izithako ezitholakala ngokwemvelo emzimbeni nasekudleni, ngakho-ke bhanqa ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu nobuthi obuphansi. Izithako ze-Spermidine zitholakala nge-powder noma ifomu lethebhulethi futhi uma zithathwa njalo zingabambezela iminyaka yobudala. Isihloko esishisayo esigcawini sesengezo sokuphila isikhathi eside, kunezinhlobo ezimbalwa ezincintisanayo zezithako ze-spermidine zonke ezimakethwa njengezinezinzuzo zokulwa nokuguga. Idizayinelwe ukuthathwa nsuku zonke ukusekela indlela yokuphila enempilo, izithasiselo zingabuye zihlanganiswe nezinye izithako zokuphila isikhathi eside njenge-Resveratrol. Izithako ezingcono kakhulu ze-Spermidine yilezo ezenziwe nge-spermidine trihydrochloride powder. I-Spermidine trihydrochloride powder iyifomu elizinzile, njalo uthenge i-spermidine trihydrochloride powder kubahlinzeki bangempela.
Izikhombo:
- U-Kishi et al (1998) I-Spermidine, i-agonist yesayithi le-polyamine, inciphisa ukulahlekelwa kwenkumbulo yokusebenza okubangelwa ukuvinjelwa kwama-hippocampal muscarinic receptors kanye nama-mGluR kumagundane. I-Brain Res. 793 311 PMID: 9630697
- I-Munir et al (1993) I-Polyamines ishintsha imiphumela ye-neurotoxic ye-NMDA ku-vivo. I-Brain Res. 616 163 PMID: 8358608
- U-Deeb, F., van der Weele, CM, & Wolniak, SM (2010). I-Spermidine iyisinqumo se-morphogenetic sokucaciswa kwesiphetho seseli ku-gametophyte yesilisa ye-water fern Marsilea vestita. Iseli Yezitshalo, 22(11), 3678-3691.
- Eisenberg, T., Knauer, H., Schauer, A., Büttner, S., Ruckenstuhl, C., Carmona-Gutierrez, D., … & Fussi, H. (2009). Ukufakwa kwe-autophagy nge-spermidine kukhuthaza impilo ende. I-Nature cell biology, 11(11), 1305-1314.
- U-Williams et al (1989) Imiphumela ye-polyamines ekubopheni kwe- [3H]-MK801 ku-N-MthD.-aspartate receptor: ubufakazi bekhemisi bokuba khona kwesayithi lokuqaphela i-polyamine. I-Mol.Pharmacol. 36 375 PMID: 2554112.
- I-Galluzzi et al (2017) Ukuguqulwa kwe-Pharmacological of autophagy: amandla okwelapha kanye nezithiyo eziqhubekayo. Nat.Rev.Drug.Discov. PMID: 28529316https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/15548627.2018.1530929.
- UGhada Alsaleh Ungumbhali ohambelanayo, u-Isabel Panse, uLeo Swadling, uHanlin Zhang, uFelix Clemens Richter, u-Alain Meyer, uJanet Lord, u-Eleanor Barnes, uPaul Klenerman, uChristopher Green, u-Anna Katharina Simon. "I-Autophagy kumaseli e-T avela kubanikeli asebekhulile igcinwa yi-spermidine futhi ihambisana nomsebenzi nezimpendulo zomgomo" Dec 15, 2020.
- Ukuhlaziywa kwe-autophagy elawulwa yi-SARS-CoV-2 yembula i-spermidine, i-MK-2206, ne-niclosamide njengemithi yokwelapha elwa namagciwane. Nils C. Gassen, Jan Papies, Thomas Bajaj, Frederik Dethloff, Jackson Emanuel, Katja Weckmann, Daniel E. Heinz, Nicolas Heinemann, Martina Lennarz, Anja Richter, Daniela Niemeyer, Victor M. Corman, Patrick Giavalisco, Christian Drosten, Marcel A .Müller. doi: 10.1038/s41467-021-24007-w
- Goldman, SJ, Taylor, R., Zhang, Y., & Jin, S. (2010). I-Autophagy kanye nokuwohloka kwe-mitochondria. I-Mitochondrion, 10(4), 309-315
- Minois, N., Carmona-Gutierrez, D., & Madeo, F. (2011). Polyamines ekugugeni nasekuguleni. Ukuguga (Albany NY), 3(8), 716-732
- U-Nelly C. Muñoz-Esparza, M. Luz Latorre-Moratalla, Oriol Comas-Basté, Natalia Toro-Funes, M. Teresa Veciana-Nogués, kanye noM. Carmen Vidal-Carou. "Polyamines in Food" Front Nutr. 2019; 6: 108. Ishicilelwe ku-inthanethi 2019 Jul 11. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2019.00108. PMC6637774
- Schroeder, S., Hofer, SJ, Zimmermann, A., Pechlaner, R., Dammbrueck, C., … & Madeo, F. (2021). I-spermidine yokudla ithuthukisa ukusebenza kwengqondo. Imibiko Yeseli, 35(2), 108985. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2021.108985